巴赫：十二平均律钢琴曲集

图雷克（钢琴）
DG 463 305-2

巴赫最高女祭司罗莎琳·图雷克为DG灌录古德堡变奏曲，曾是去年度古典乐坛界的大事；
而于巴赫逝世200周年的前夕，她这套巴赫伟大键盘作品集的录音（重发）将是巴赫迷最瞩
目的焦点，尤其是对杜蕾克的乐迷来说更是如此。

图雷克于1952、1953年在纽约灌录巴赫48首前奏与赋格，这个录音直到1970年代都还能在D
ecca的唱片目录上看到，但是之后便绝版了。DG唱片公司这回不仅完整地重发这套录音，
而且还连当年图雷克亲自撰写的解说文字一起收纳，包括对十二平均律的重要信息，以及
她对前奏与赋格的特殊评论观点。

这个录音当时让全球观众了解到图雷克是领先群伦巴赫的演奏者。泰晤士报（The Times）
的主要评论家，在听过图雷克录音推出不久后的演奏会，描述她的演出是如此令人惊讶：
“观众陷入一片寂静中，每个写入这套重要键盘作品中的音乐要素都被充分的理解，这绝
非对她演出价值的夸大之词。”

对罗莎琳·图雷克来说，弹奏十二平均律这套作品在她整个演奏发展占据了重要的地位，
今年12月即将庆祝85岁生日的她说：“我1952、1953年演出灌录的48首前奏曲与赋格在当
时是个里程碑般的发行，尤其在我80岁生日重发更是格外有意义，因为我演奏架构的基本
原则以及深入的史料研读，都在这次演出中被建立，成为我日后发展的沃土。

图雷克在巴赫音乐诠释上造成的影响是无比空前的，她甚至被称为古尔德唯一的真典范。
她今年稍早在DG的古德堡变奏曲，赢得国际媒体普遍回响，譬如BBC音乐杂志就曾有如此赞
誉：每个音符都彷佛是穷究一生思索后，才被精采地弹奏出来。在她英国牛津的家中，图
雷克依然主持执掌巴赫研究基金会，她是现今巴赫音乐界的学术权威之一，也是音乐与文
化界的独特人物。对钢琴演奏者、音乐学者，甚至是所有的音乐家来说，她就像灵感的启
发者一般，继续在大师班发挥着影响力，数十年而不坠。她的巴赫演奏序论被视为是探讨
巴赫音乐的公认名著，曾经被翻译成西班牙文、日文，而中文翻译目前也正在进行中。

图雷克在巴赫音乐的研究与演奏的成就是无庸置疑的，不过听过她的演出以及了解她巴赫
的音乐观，对乐迷来说是更重要的启示。图雷克的巴赫演出是一种不愠不火的精致中庸手
法，她不玩现代派的表现主义让巴赫在地底翻滚，也不玩崇古派以谱为圭臬的食古不化。
杜蕾克比谁都在乎巴赫乐谱，不过她着重的不是乐谱的表象，而是真正的精神内涵。举例
来说，在装饰奏部分她考量的不是动听、表现力、个人喜好，而是考量到，乐曲和声、对
位、节奏轮廓间的结构关联，甚至是装饰奏的历史地位。但是她又不是历史教案的盲从者
，图雷克进一步主张，历史资料必须融入演奏者的直觉、想象力、经验中，以强化不同时
期的形式与结构的适切融合。

在演奏乐器上她也下了许多功夫，对于用现代钢琴演奏巴赫的音乐，她倒是相当坚持且有
定见地表示，巴赫音乐的结构稳固，不管使用何种乐器，只要演出者观点基于结构并根据
历史形式资料，从知识移情到装饰奏的记号与规则，按部就班地演出以及练习。她驳斥巴
赫音乐不适合在钢琴上演奏的说法，更认为十八世纪的器乐制造特性以及演奏技术风格必
须在诠释巴赫音乐时适度加入考量，但那是音乐本身包含作曲家多层次观点，以及形式的
创造力，结构与美学的整体世界观。这里衍生出一个聆听巴赫音乐非常重要的观点，巴赫
对音乐长久以来的认知是绝对的，也就是说他不像19、20世纪的音乐依赖乐器的音色。他
是以显著的创意想法、形式感受以及结构练习，构干般的索引充斥在他丰富的作品内。因
此，聆听巴赫音乐的您，请不要以为演奏着古乐器就证明他是巴赫音乐专家，虽然乐器的
性质符合当代的要求，但以古乐器演奏并不代表就能够预防诠释风格时代错误的产生。

图雷克巴赫十二平均律的珍贵之处，就在他透彻理解巴赫的音乐美学，从音乐、历史、技
巧、乐器整体的观点来诠释巴赫的音乐，她融入巴赫的音乐世界，更让巴赫的音乐发出符
合现代观感的生命，这样的诠释恐怕只有完美两字的惊叹而已。

专辑曲目：

Disc: 1

1. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 846 In C Major : Praeludium I
2. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 846 In C Major : Fuga I
3. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 847 In C Minor : Praeludium II
4. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 847 In C Minor : Fuga II
5. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 848 In C Sharp Major : Praeludium III
6. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 848 In C Sharp Major : Fuga III
7. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 5 voci), BWV 849 In C Sharp Minor : Praeludium IV
8. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 5 voci), BWV 849 In C Sharp Minor : Fuga IV
9. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 850 In D Major : Praeludium V
10. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 850 In D Major : Fuga V
11. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 851 In D Minor : Praeludium VI
12. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Books 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 851 In D Minor : Fuga VI
13. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 852 In E Flat Major : Praeludium VII
14. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 852 In E Flat Major : Fuga VII
15. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 853 In E Flat Minor : Praeludium VIII
16. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 853 In E Flat Minor : Fuga VIII
17. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 854 In E Major : Praeludium IX
18. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 854 In E Major : Fuga IX
19. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 2 voci), BWV 855 In E Minor : Praeludium X
20. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 2 voci), BWV 855 In E Minor : Fuga X
21. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 856 In F Major : Praeludium XI
22. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 856 In F Major : Fuga XI
23. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 857 In F Minor : Praeludium XII
24. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 857 In F Minor : Fuga XII
25. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 858 In F Sharp Major : Praeludium XIII
26. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 858 In F Sharp Major : Fuga XIII
27. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 859 In F Sharp Minor : Praeludium XIV
28. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 859 In F Sharp Minor : Fuga XIV

Disc: 2

1. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 860 In G Major : Praeludium XV
2. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 860 In G Major : Fuga XV
3. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 861 In G Minor : Praeludium XVI
4. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 861 In G Minor : Fuga XVI
5. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 862 In A Flat Major : Praeludium XVII
6. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 862 In A Flat Major : Fuga XVII
7. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 863 In G Sharp Minor : Praeludium XVIII
8. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 863 In G Sharp Minor : Fuga XVIII
9. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 864 In A Major : Praeludium XIX
10. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 864 In A Major : Fuga XIX
11. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 865 In A Minor : Praeludium XX
12. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 865 In A Minor : Fuga XX
13. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 866 In B Flat Major : Praeludium XXI
14. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 866 In B Flat Major : Fuga XXI
15. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 5 voci), BWV 867 In B Flat Minor : Praeludium XXII
16. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 5 voci), BWV 867 In B Flat Minor : Fuga XXII
17. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 868 In B Major : Praeludium XXIII
18. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 868 In B Major : Fuga XXIII
19. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 869 In B Minor : Praeludium XXIV
20. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 1: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 869 In B Minor : Fuga XXIV
21. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 870 In C Major : Prelude I
22. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 870 In C Major : Fuga I
23. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 871 In C Minor : Praeludium II
24. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 871 In C Minor : Fuga II
25. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 872 In C Sharp Major : Praeludium III
26. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 872 In C Sharp Major : Fuga III
27. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 873 In C Sharp Minor : Praeludium IV
28. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 873 In C Sharp Minor : Fuga IV

Disc: 3

1. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 874 In D Major : Praeludium V
2. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 874 In D Major : Fuga V
3. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 875 In D Minor : Praeludium IV
4. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 875 In D Minor : Fuga IV
5. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 876 In E Flat Major : Praeludium IIV
6. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 876 In E Flat Major : Fuga IIV
7. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 877 In D Sharp Minor : Praeludium IIIV
8. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 877 In D Sharp Minor : Fuga IIIV
9. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 878 In E Major : Praeludium IIIIV
10. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 878 In E Major : Fuga IIIIV
11. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 879 In E Minor : Praeludium X
12. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 879 In E Minor : Fuga X
13. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 880 In F Major : Praeludium XI
14. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 880 In F Major : Fuga XI
15. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 881 In F Minor : Praeludium XII
16. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 881 In F Minor : Fuga XII
17. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 882 In F Sharp Major : Praeludium XIII
18. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 882 In F Sharp Major : Fuga XIII
19. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 883 In F Sharp Minor : Praeludium XIV
20. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 883 In F Sharp Minor : Fuga XIVI

Disc: 4

1. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 884 In G Major : Praeludium XV
2. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 884 In G Major : Fuga XV
3. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 885 In G Minor : Praeludium XVI
4. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 885 In G Minor : Fuga XVI
5. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 886 In A Flat Major : Praeludium XVII
6. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 886 In A Flat Major : Fuga XVII
7. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 887 In G Sharp Minor : Praeludium XVIII
8. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 887 In G Sharp Minor : Fuga XVIII
9. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 888 In A Major : Praeludium XIX
10. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 888 In A Major : Fuga XIX
11. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 889 In A Minor : Praeludium XX
12. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 889 In A Minor : Fuga XX
13. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 890 In B Falt Major : Praeludium XXI
14. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 890 In B Flat Major : Fuga XXI
15. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 891 In B Flat Minor : Praeludium XXII
16. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 891 In B Flat Minor : Fuga XXII
17. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 892 In B Major : Praeludium XXIII
18. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 4 voci), BWV 892 In B Major : Fuga XXIII
19. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 893 In B Minor : Praeludium XXIV
20. The Well-Tempered Clavier - Book 2: Prelude & Fugue (a 3 voci), BWV 893 In B Minor : Fuga XXIV